We examined the effects of self-schemas on the evaluation and memory of another person's behaviors and on prediction and inference about this person. Tasks that required the perceiver to use information that was directly accessible from the target other did not show performance differences between independent schematics (individuals rating themselves very high in the target domain, independence) and aschematics (individuals who did not so rate themselves). However, tasks that required some inference or conjecture did show large differences. This suggests that the self-concept systematically influences social cognition in situations where the perceiver has to go beyond the information given.