Two experiments examined whether judgments of economic (EC) fairness would be affected by survey context when the context suggested values related to fairness. 1,251 interviews were conducted. When political liberals were induced by prior questions to think about EC inequalities in America, they tended to judge aspects of the American EC system as unfair; when they were induced to think about equal opportunity and the work ethic, their judgments of the fairness of the EC system were indistinguishable from those of other political groups. Results suggest that social scientists should consider the survey measurement process from a psychological perspective, in terms of both cognitive processes and individual differences, when constructing surveys. (PsycINFO Database Record (c) 2007 APA, all rights reserved)