BACKGROUND: The majority of older adults have 2 or more chronic conditions and among patients with diabetes, 40% have at least three. OBJECTIVE: We sought to understand how the number, type, and severity of comorbidities influence diabetes patients’ self-management and treatment priorities. DESIGN: Cross-sectional observation study. PATIENTS: A total of 1,901 diabetes patients who responded… Continue reading Beyond comorbidity counts: How do comorbidity type and severity influence diabetes patients’ treatment priorities and self-management?
Keyword: Cross-Sectional Studies
Does physician communication influence older patients’ diabetes self-management and glycemic control? Results from the health and retirement study (HRS)
Background. Effective chronic disease self-management among older adults is crucial for improved clinical outcomes. We assessed the relative importance of two dimensions of physician communication – provision of information (PCOM) and participatory decision-making (PDM) – for older patients’ diabetes self-management and glycemic control. Methods. We conducted a national cross-sectional survey among 1588 older community-dwelling adults… Continue reading Does physician communication influence older patients’ diabetes self-management and glycemic control? Results from the health and retirement study (HRS)
Attitudes of the American public toward organ donation after uncontrolled (Sudden) cardiac death
Concerns about public support for organ donation after cardiac death have hindered expansion of this practice, particularly rapid organ recovery in the context of uncontrolled (sudden) cardiac death (uDCD). A nationally representative Internet-based panel was provided scenarios describing donation in the context of brain death, controlled cardiac death and uncontrolled cardiac death. Participants were randomized… Continue reading Attitudes of the American public toward organ donation after uncontrolled (Sudden) cardiac death
Severity, timing, and structure of disability
OBJECTIVES: Severity and timing are key aspects of disability experience for individuals. They also generate a population's disability structure (prevalence, counts, patterns). We study links among severity, duration, and structure for community-dwelling adults in the US. METHODS: The data source is the National Health Interview Survey Disability Supplement. Disabilities in personal care (ADL), household management… Continue reading Severity, timing, and structure of disability
Associations between neighborhood characteristics and self-rated health: a cross-sectional investigation in the Multi-Ethnic Study of Atherosclerosis (MESA) cohort
Quantifying the effects of specific neighborhood features on self-reported health is important in understanding the global health impact of neighborhood context. We investigated associations of neighborhood poverty, sociability and walkability with self-rated physical and mental health in the Multi-Ethnic Study of Atherosclerosis (MESA). In separate models, each neighborhood variable was associated with physical health but… Continue reading Associations between neighborhood characteristics and self-rated health: a cross-sectional investigation in the Multi-Ethnic Study of Atherosclerosis (MESA) cohort
School soft drink availability and consumption among U.S. secondary students
BACKGROUND: Consumption of sugar-sweetened beverages (SSBs) such as soft drinks has been associated with significantly increased energy intake and body weight. One strategy used to reduce soft drink consumption among adolescents has been reducing availability in schools; however, research is limited on associations between availability of soft drinks in school and student consumption. PURPOSE: This… Continue reading School soft drink availability and consumption among U.S. secondary students
Middle and high school drug testing and student illicit drug use: a national study 1998-2011
PURPOSE: This study uses 14 years of data from nationally representative samples of U.S. middle and high school students in the Monitoring the Future study to examine associations between school student drug testing (SDT), substance use, and participation in extracurricular activities. METHODS: Analyses use questionnaire data collected from 1998 to 2011 from 89,575 students in… Continue reading Middle and high school drug testing and student illicit drug use: a national study 1998-2011
Alcohol and marijuana use patterns associated with unsafe driving among U.S. high school seniors: high use frequency, concurrent use, and simultaneous use
OBJECTIVE: This article examines noncausal associations between high school seniors' alcohol and marijuana use status and rates of self-reported unsafe driving in the past 12 months. METHOD: Analyses used data from 72,053 students collected through annual surveys of nationally representative cross-sectional samples of U.S. 12th-grade students from 1976 to 2011. Two aspects of past-12-month alcohol… Continue reading Alcohol and marijuana use patterns associated with unsafe driving among U.S. high school seniors: high use frequency, concurrent use, and simultaneous use
Accessibility over availability: associations between the school food environment and student fruit and green vegetable consumption
BACKGROUND: No national studies have examined associations between (1) school food availability and accessibility and (2) secondary student fruit and vegetable (FV) consumption. This article uses 5 years of nationally representative data from secondary school students to examine associations between the school food environment and student fruit and green vegetable consumption. METHODS: From 2008 to… Continue reading Accessibility over availability: associations between the school food environment and student fruit and green vegetable consumption
Potential impact of national school nutritional environment policies: cross-sectional associations with US secondary student overweight/obesity, 2008-2012
IMPORTANCE: The latest US Department of Agriculture school meal and competitive venue standards (USDA standards) aim to improve student nutrition and health. However, significant opposition has been raised to their implementation. OBJECTIVE: To examine (1) the percentages of US middle and high school students who currently attend schools that have specific components of the USDA… Continue reading Potential impact of national school nutritional environment policies: cross-sectional associations with US secondary student overweight/obesity, 2008-2012